#
# The high-throughput toolkit (httk)
# Copyright (C) 2012-2015 Rickard Armiento
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
# published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
# License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
from httk.core.httkobject import HttkObject, httk_typed_property, httk_typed_property_resolve, httk_typed_property_delayed, httk_typed_init
from httk.core.reference import Reference
from httk.atomistic.cell import Cell
from httk.atomistic.assignments import Assignments
from httk.atomistic.unitcellsites import UnitcellSites
from httk.atomistic.data import spacegroups
from httk.atomistic.structureutils import *
from httk.atomistic.spacegroup import Spacegroup
[docs]class UnitcellStructure(HttkObject):
"""
A UnitcellStructure represents N sites of, e.g., atoms or ions, in any periodic or non-periodic arrangement.
It keeps track of all the copies of the atoms within a unitcell.
The structure object is meant to be immutable and assumes that no internal variables are changed after its creation.
All methods that 'changes' the object creates and returns a new, updated, structure object.
Naming conventions in httk.atomistic:
For cells:
cell = an abstract name for any reasonable representation of a 'cell' that defines
the basis vectors used for representing the structure. When a 'cell' is returned,
it is an object of type Cell
basis = a 3x3 sequence-type with (in rows) the three basis vectors (for a periodic system, defining the unit cell, and defines the unit of repetition for the periodic dimensions)
lengths_and_angles = (a,b,c,alpha,beta,gamma): the basis vector lengths and angles
niggli_matrix = ((v1*v1, v2*v2, v3*v3),(2*v2*v3, 2*v1*v3, 2*v2*v3)) where v1, v2, v3 are the vectors forming the basis
metric = ((v1*v1,v1*v2,v1*v3),(v2*v1,v2*v2,v2*v3),(v3*v1,v3*v2,v3*v3))
For sites:
These following prefixes are used to describe types of site specifications:
representative cell/rc = only representative atoms are given, which are then to be
repeated by structure symmetry group to give all sites
unit cell/uc = all atoms in unitcell
reduced = coordinates given in cell vectors
cartesian = coordinates given as direct cartesian coordinates
sites = used as an abstract name for any sensible representation of a list of coordinates and a cell,
when a 'sites' is returned, it is an object of type Sites
counts = number of atoms of each type (one per entry in assignments)
coordgroups = coordinates represented as a 3-level-list of coordinates, e.g.
[[[0,0,0],[0.5,0.5,0.5]],[[0.25,0.25,0.25]]] where level-1 list = groups: one group for each equivalent atom
counts and coords = one list with the number of atoms of each type (one per entry in assignments)
and a 2-level list of coordinates.
For assignments of atoms, etc. to sites:
assignments = abstract name for any representation of assignment of atoms.
When returned, will be object of type Assignment.
atomic_numbers = a sequence of integers for the atomic number of each species
occupations = a sequence where the assignments are *repeated* for each coordinate as needed
(prefixed with uc or rc depending on which coordinates)
For cell scaling:
scaling = abstract name for any representation of cell scaling
scale = multiply all basis vectors with this number
volume = rescaling the cell such that it takes this volume
For periodicity:
periodicity = abstract name of a representation of periodicity
pbc = 'periodic boundary conditions' = sequence of True and False for which basis vectors are periodic / non-periodic
nonperiodic_vecs = integer, number of basis vectors, counted from the first, which are non-periodic
For spacegroup:
spacegroup = abstract name for any spacegroup representation. When returned, is of type Spacegroup.
hall_symbol = specifically the hall_symbol string representation of the spacegroup
"""
@httk_typed_init({'assignments': Assignments, 'uc_sites': UnitcellSites, 'uc_cell': Cell},
index=['assignments', 'uc_sites', 'uc_cell'])
def __init__(self, assignments=None, uc_sites=None, uc_cell=None):
"""
Private constructor, as per httk coding guidelines. Use Structure.create instead.
"""
self.assignments = assignments
self.uc_cell = uc_cell
self.uc_sites = uc_sites
[docs] @classmethod
def create(cls,
structure=None,
uc_cell=None, uc_basis=None, uc_lengths=None,
uc_angles=None, uc_niggli_matrix=None, uc_metric=None,
uc_a=None, uc_b=None, uc_c=None,
uc_alpha=None, uc_beta=None, uc_gamma=None,
uc_sites=None,
uc_reduced_coordgroups=None, uc_cartesian_coordgroups=None,
uc_reduced_coords=None, uc_cartesian_coords=None,
uc_reduced_occupationscoords=None, uc_cartesian_occupationscoords=None,
uc_occupancies=None, uc_counts=None,
uc_scale=None, uc_scaling=None, uc_volume=None, volume_per_atom=None,
assignments=None,
periodicity=None, nonperiodic_vecs=None,
other_reps=None,
refs=None, tags=None):
"""
A FullStructure represents N sites of, e.g., atoms or ions, in any periodic or non-periodic arrangement, where the positions
of all cites are given (as opposed to a set of unique sites + symmetry operations).
This is a swiss-army-type constructor that allows several different ways to create a FullStructure object.
To create a new structure, three primary components are:
- cell: defines the basis vectors in which reduced coordinates are expressed, and the
unit of repetition (*if* the structure has any periodicity - see the 'periodicity' parameter)
- assignments: a list of 'things' (atoms, ions, etc.) that goes on the sites in the structure
- sites: a sensible representation of location / coordinates of the sites.
Note: `uc_`-prefixes are consistently enforced for any quantity that would be different in a UniqueSitesStructure. This is to
allow for painless change between the various structure-type objects without worrying about accidently using
the wrong type of sites object.
Note: see help(Structure) for parameter naming conventions, i.e., what type of object is expected given a parameter name.
Input parameters:
- ONE OF: 'uc_cell'; 'uc_basis', 'uc_length_and_angles'; 'uc_niggli_matrix'; 'uc_metric';
all of: uc_a,uc_b,uc_c, uc_alpha, uc_beta, uc_gamma.
(cell requires a Cell object or a very specific format, so unless you know what you are doing, use one of the others.)
- ONE OF: 'uc_assignments', 'uc_atomic_numbers', 'uc_occupations'
(uc_assignments requires an Assignments object or a sequence.), uc_occupations repeats similar site assignments as needed
- ONE OF: 'uc_sites', 'uc_coords' (IF uc_occupations OR uc_counts are also given), or
'uc_B_C', where B=reduced or cartesian, C=coordgroups, coords, or occupationscoords
Notes:
- occupationscoords may differ from coords by *order*, since giving occupations as, e.g., ['H','O','H'] does not necessarily
have the same order of the coordinates as the format of counts+coords as (2,1), ['H','O'].
- uc_sites requires a Sites object or a python list on a very specific format, (so unless you know what you are doing,
use one of the others.)
- ONE OF: uc_scale, uc_volume, or volume_per_atom:
scale = multiply the basis vectors with this scaling factor,
volume = the unit cell volume (overrides 'scale' if both are given)
volume_per_atom = cell volume / number of atoms
- ONE OF periodicity or nonperiodic_vecs
"""
if structure is not None:
UnitcellStructure.use(structure)
#TODO: Handle that vollume_per_atom is given instead, move this block below sorting out sites and if uc_volume is not set,
#calculate a new volume
if uc_cell is not None:
Cell.use(uc_cell)
else:
uc_cell = Cell.create(cell=uc_cell, basis=uc_basis, metric=uc_metric,
niggli_matrix=uc_niggli_matrix,
a=uc_a, b=uc_b, c=uc_c,
alpha=uc_alpha, beta=uc_beta, gamma=uc_gamma,
lengths=uc_lengths, angles=uc_angles,
scale=uc_scale, scaling=uc_scaling, volume=uc_volume)
if uc_sites is not None:
uc_sites = UnitcellSites.use(uc_sites)
else:
if uc_reduced_coordgroups is None and \
uc_reduced_coords is None and \
uc_occupancies is not None:
# Structure created by occupationscoords and occupations, this is a slightly tricky representation
if uc_reduced_occupationscoords is not None:
assignments, uc_reduced_coordgroups = occupations_and_coords_to_assignments_and_coordgroups(uc_reduced_occupationscoords, uc_occupancies)
if uc_reduced_coordgroups is not None or \
uc_reduced_coords is not None:
try:
uc_sites = UnitcellSites.create(reduced_coordgroups=uc_reduced_coordgroups,
reduced_coords=uc_reduced_coords,
counts=uc_counts,
periodicity=periodicity, occupancies=uc_occupancies)
except Exception:
uc_sites = None
else:
uc_sites = None
if uc_sites is None and uc_reduced_coordgroups is None and \
uc_reduced_coords is None and uc_reduced_occupationscoords is None:
# Cartesian coordinate input must be handled here in structure since scalelessstructure knows nothing about cartesian coordinates...
if uc_cartesian_coordgroups is None and uc_cartesian_coords is None and \
uc_occupancies is not None and uc_cartesian_occupationscoords is not None:
assignments, uc_cartesian_coordgroups = occupations_and_coords_to_assignments_and_coordgroups(uc_cartesian_occupationscoords, uc_occupancies)
if uc_cartesian_coords is not None and uc_cartesian_coordgroups is None:
uc_cartesian_coordgroups = coords_and_counts_to_coordgroups(uc_cartesian_coords, uc_counts)
if uc_cell is not None:
uc_reduced_coordgroups = coordgroups_cartesian_to_reduced(uc_cartesian_coordgroups, uc_cell)
if assignments is not None:
assignments = Assignments.use(assignments)
if uc_sites is None:
raise Exception("Structure.create: not enough information for information about sites.")
new = cls(assignments=assignments, uc_sites=uc_sites, uc_cell=uc_cell)
return new
[docs] @classmethod
def use(cls, other):
from httk.atomistic.structure import Structure
from httk.atomistic.representativestructure import RepresentativeStructure
if isinstance(other, UnitcellStructure):
return other
elif isinstance(other, Structure):
return UnitcellStructure(other.assignments, other.uc_sites, other.uc_cell)
elif isinstance(other, RepresentativeStructure):
return cls.use(Structure.use(other))
raise Exception("RepresentativeStructure.use: do not know how to use object of class:"+str(other.__class__))
@property
def uc_cartesian_occupationscoords(self):
raise Exception("UnitcellStructure.uc_cartesian_occupationscoords: not implemented")
return
@property
def uc_cartesian_coordgroups(self):
return self.uc_sites.get_cartesian_coordgroups(self.uc_cell)
@property
def uc_cartesian_coords(self):
return self.uc_sites.get_cartesian_coords(self.uc_cell)
@property
def uc_reduced_coords(self):
return self.uc_sites.reduced_coords
@property
def uc_lengths_and_angles(self):
return [self.uc_a, self.uc_b, self.uc_c, self.uc_alpha, self.uc_beta, self.uc_gamma]
@httk_typed_property(float)
def uc_a(self):
return self.uc_cell.a
@httk_typed_property(float)
def uc_b(self):
return self.uc_cell.b
@httk_typed_property(float)
def uc_c(self):
return self.uc_cell.c
@httk_typed_property(float)
def uc_alpha(self):
return self.uc_cell.alpha
@httk_typed_property(float)
def uc_beta(self):
return self.uc_cell.beta
@httk_typed_property(float)
def uc_gamma(self):
return self.uc_cell.gamma
@property
def uc_basis(self):
return self.uc_cell.basis
@httk_typed_property(float)
def uc_volume(self):
return self.uc_cell.volume
@httk_typed_property(float)
def uc_volume_per_atom(self):
return self.uc_cell.volume/self.uc_sites.total_number_of_atoms
@httk_typed_property(int)
def uc_cell_orientation(self):
return self.uc_cell.orientation
@httk_typed_property((bool, 1, 3))
def pbc(self):
return self.uc_sites.pbc
@property
def uc_reduced_coordgroups(self):
return self.uc_sites.reduced_coordgroups
@httk_typed_property([int])
def uc_counts(self):
return self.uc_sites.counts
def __str__(self):
return "<httk UnitcellStructure object:\n "+str(self.uc_cell)+"\n "+str(self.assignments)+"\n "+str(self.uc_sites)+"\n>"